What does "eminent domain" allow the government to do?

The concept of "eminent domain" refers to the government's power to acquire private property for public use, provided that compensation is given to the property owner. This process is typically governed by law, ensuring that the owner receives a fair market value for their property. The rationale behind eminent domain is that it serves the public good, enabling the government to create infrastructure such as roads, schools, and parks, or to improve urban development.

In this context, the other choices do not accurately capture the essence of eminent domain. The notion of taking property without compensation contradicts the fundamental principles of eminent domain, which requires compensation. Furthermore, while governments can regulate how property is used, that aspect falls under zoning laws rather than eminent domain. Similarly, overriding local zoning laws pertains to a different set of legal powers focused on land-use planning and development regulation, not the acquisition of property rights. Therefore, the correct understanding of eminent domain is that it permits the government to purchase private property for public use, ensuring property owners are compensated fairly.